High and Low Voltage Switchboards are critical equipment in power systems, mainly responsible for taking the high-voltage electricity supplied by power companies, stepping it down, and distributing it safely and stably to various electrical loads. Their function is like the central nervous system of a power network, ensuring stable operation of factories, buildings, or facilities.

1. High Voltage Switchgear

• Voltage Level: Typically 3.6kV–36kV.

• Purpose: Receives high-voltage power from utility companies or on-site generators, providing protection, control, and transferring it to transformers.

• Main Equipment: High-voltage circuit breakers, metering panels, protective relays, surge arresters, etc.

• Features:

  • Provides short-circuit and overload protection

  • Can be integrated with Automatic Transfer System (ATS)

  • Suitable for factories, buildings, and substations

2. Low Voltage Switchboard

• Voltage Level: Generally 380V or 220V.

• Purpose: Distributes the stepped-down electricity from transformers to different circuits, such as lighting, HVAC, and machinery.

• Main Equipment: Air Circuit Breaker (ACB), Molded Case Circuit Breaker (MCCB), Residual Current Circuit Breaker, meters, busbars, etc.

• Types:

  • Main Distribution Board: Handles the first level of power distribution after the main incoming supply

  • Sub Distribution Board: Further distributes electricity to different floors or zones

  • Power Distribution Board: Dedicated to mechanical power loads (motors, compressors, etc.)

  • Control Panel: Manages various automated systems (e.g., HVAC, pumps)

3. Key Points in Design and Manufacturing

• Safety: Complies with CNS or IEC standards, with isolation and grounding protection

• Modularity: Easy for future expansion and maintenance

• Smart Options: Can be equipped with PLC, SCADA systems, or Energy Management Systems (EMS)

• Appearance and Structure: Fire-resistant powder coating, IP protection ratings (commonly IP42–IP54)

4. Applications

• Industrial factories

• Commercial buildings

• Medical facilities

• Server rooms and data centers

• Schools and government institutions

• Renewable energy systems (e.g., solar grid-connected panels)

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